The application of tracheostomy intubation in emergency and long-term care primarily focuses on critical care and emergency situations such as airway obstruction. It also involves considerations in preoperative assessment, postoperative care, complication prevention, and psychological support.

Endotracheal tubes are the most commonly used type in general anesthesia, widely employed in surgeries requiring strict respiratory control, particularly thoracic, abdominal, and neurosurgeries. Their main advantage lies in providing stable mechanical ventilation, ensuring a clear airway throughout the procedure. For patients with complex airways or risk factors, using cuffed endotracheal tubes can reduce the risk of intraoperative aspiration. However, endotracheal intubation requires a high level of technical skill, and improper technique can lead to airway trauma, vocal cord damage, or postoperative throat discomfort.